]> git.r.bdr.sh - rbdr/mobius/blobdiff - hotline/transaction_handlers.go
Limit chat message size to 8192 bytes
[rbdr/mobius] / hotline / transaction_handlers.go
index ff23684b21eda1c678e37148a81faa5869b33f0a..271f3085d07b683f2225fe88c992beda028b03d9 100644 (file)
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 package hotline
 
 import (
+       "bufio"
        "bytes"
        "encoding/binary"
-       "errors"
        "fmt"
+       "github.com/davecgh/go-spew/spew"
        "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
        "io"
        "math/big"
@@ -16,238 +17,68 @@ import (
        "time"
 )
 
-type HandlerFunc func(*ClientConn, *Transaction) ([]Transaction, error)
-
-type TransactionType struct {
-       Handler        HandlerFunc // function for handling the transaction type
-       Name           string      // Name of transaction as it will appear in logging
-       RequiredFields []requiredField
+// HandlerFunc is the signature of a func to handle a Hotline transaction.
+type HandlerFunc func(*ClientConn, *Transaction) []Transaction
+
+// TransactionHandlers maps a transaction type to a handler function.
+var TransactionHandlers = map[TranType]HandlerFunc{
+       TranAgreed:             HandleTranAgreed,
+       TranChatSend:           HandleChatSend,
+       TranDelNewsArt:         HandleDelNewsArt,
+       TranDelNewsItem:        HandleDelNewsItem,
+       TranDeleteFile:         HandleDeleteFile,
+       TranDeleteUser:         HandleDeleteUser,
+       TranDisconnectUser:     HandleDisconnectUser,
+       TranDownloadFile:       HandleDownloadFile,
+       TranDownloadFldr:       HandleDownloadFolder,
+       TranGetClientInfoText:  HandleGetClientInfoText,
+       TranGetFileInfo:        HandleGetFileInfo,
+       TranGetFileNameList:    HandleGetFileNameList,
+       TranGetMsgs:            HandleGetMsgs,
+       TranGetNewsArtData:     HandleGetNewsArtData,
+       TranGetNewsArtNameList: HandleGetNewsArtNameList,
+       TranGetNewsCatNameList: HandleGetNewsCatNameList,
+       TranGetUser:            HandleGetUser,
+       TranGetUserNameList:    HandleGetUserNameList,
+       TranInviteNewChat:      HandleInviteNewChat,
+       TranInviteToChat:       HandleInviteToChat,
+       TranJoinChat:           HandleJoinChat,
+       TranKeepAlive:          HandleKeepAlive,
+       TranLeaveChat:          HandleLeaveChat,
+       TranListUsers:          HandleListUsers,
+       TranMoveFile:           HandleMoveFile,
+       TranNewFolder:          HandleNewFolder,
+       TranNewNewsCat:         HandleNewNewsCat,
+       TranNewNewsFldr:        HandleNewNewsFldr,
+       TranNewUser:            HandleNewUser,
+       TranUpdateUser:         HandleUpdateUser,
+       TranOldPostNews:        HandleTranOldPostNews,
+       TranPostNewsArt:        HandlePostNewsArt,
+       TranRejectChatInvite:   HandleRejectChatInvite,
+       TranSendInstantMsg:     HandleSendInstantMsg,
+       TranSetChatSubject:     HandleSetChatSubject,
+       TranMakeFileAlias:      HandleMakeAlias,
+       TranSetClientUserInfo:  HandleSetClientUserInfo,
+       TranSetFileInfo:        HandleSetFileInfo,
+       TranSetUser:            HandleSetUser,
+       TranUploadFile:         HandleUploadFile,
+       TranUploadFldr:         HandleUploadFolder,
+       TranUserBroadcast:      HandleUserBroadcast,
+       TranDownloadBanner:     HandleDownloadBanner,
 }
 
-var TransactionHandlers = map[uint16]TransactionType{
-       // Server initiated
-       TranChatMsg: {
-               Name: "TranChatMsg",
-       },
-       // Server initiated
-       TranNotifyChangeUser: {
-               Name: "TranNotifyChangeUser",
-       },
-       TranError: {
-               Name: "TranError",
-       },
-       TranShowAgreement: {
-               Name: "TranShowAgreement",
-       },
-       TranUserAccess: {
-               Name: "TranUserAccess",
-       },
-       TranNotifyDeleteUser: {
-               Name: "TranNotifyDeleteUser",
-       },
-       TranAgreed: {
-               Name:    "TranAgreed",
-               Handler: HandleTranAgreed,
-       },
-       TranChatSend: {
-               Name:    "TranChatSend",
-               Handler: HandleChatSend,
-               RequiredFields: []requiredField{
-                       {
-                               ID:     FieldData,
-                               minLen: 0,
-                       },
-               },
-       },
-       TranDelNewsArt: {
-               Name:    "TranDelNewsArt",
-               Handler: HandleDelNewsArt,
-       },
-       TranDelNewsItem: {
-               Name:    "TranDelNewsItem",
-               Handler: HandleDelNewsItem,
-       },
-       TranDeleteFile: {
-               Name:    "TranDeleteFile",
-               Handler: HandleDeleteFile,
-       },
-       TranDeleteUser: {
-               Name:    "TranDeleteUser",
-               Handler: HandleDeleteUser,
-       },
-       TranDisconnectUser: {
-               Name:    "TranDisconnectUser",
-               Handler: HandleDisconnectUser,
-       },
-       TranDownloadFile: {
-               Name:    "TranDownloadFile",
-               Handler: HandleDownloadFile,
-       },
-       TranDownloadFldr: {
-               Name:    "TranDownloadFldr",
-               Handler: HandleDownloadFolder,
-       },
-       TranGetClientInfoText: {
-               Name:    "TranGetClientInfoText",
-               Handler: HandleGetClientInfoText,
-       },
-       TranGetFileInfo: {
-               Name:    "TranGetFileInfo",
-               Handler: HandleGetFileInfo,
-       },
-       TranGetFileNameList: {
-               Name:    "TranGetFileNameList",
-               Handler: HandleGetFileNameList,
-       },
-       TranGetMsgs: {
-               Name:    "TranGetMsgs",
-               Handler: HandleGetMsgs,
-       },
-       TranGetNewsArtData: {
-               Name:    "TranGetNewsArtData",
-               Handler: HandleGetNewsArtData,
-       },
-       TranGetNewsArtNameList: {
-               Name:    "TranGetNewsArtNameList",
-               Handler: HandleGetNewsArtNameList,
-       },
-       TranGetNewsCatNameList: {
-               Name:    "TranGetNewsCatNameList",
-               Handler: HandleGetNewsCatNameList,
-       },
-       TranGetUser: {
-               Name:    "TranGetUser",
-               Handler: HandleGetUser,
-       },
-       TranGetUserNameList: {
-               Name:    "tranHandleGetUserNameList",
-               Handler: HandleGetUserNameList,
-       },
-       TranInviteNewChat: {
-               Name:    "TranInviteNewChat",
-               Handler: HandleInviteNewChat,
-       },
-       TranInviteToChat: {
-               Name:    "TranInviteToChat",
-               Handler: HandleInviteToChat,
-       },
-       TranJoinChat: {
-               Name:    "TranJoinChat",
-               Handler: HandleJoinChat,
-       },
-       TranKeepAlive: {
-               Name:    "TranKeepAlive",
-               Handler: HandleKeepAlive,
-       },
-       TranLeaveChat: {
-               Name:    "TranJoinChat",
-               Handler: HandleLeaveChat,
-       },
-       TranListUsers: {
-               Name:    "TranListUsers",
-               Handler: HandleListUsers,
-       },
-       TranMoveFile: {
-               Name:    "TranMoveFile",
-               Handler: HandleMoveFile,
-       },
-       TranNewFolder: {
-               Name:    "TranNewFolder",
-               Handler: HandleNewFolder,
-       },
-       TranNewNewsCat: {
-               Name:    "TranNewNewsCat",
-               Handler: HandleNewNewsCat,
-       },
-       TranNewNewsFldr: {
-               Name:    "TranNewNewsFldr",
-               Handler: HandleNewNewsFldr,
-       },
-       TranNewUser: {
-               Name:    "TranNewUser",
-               Handler: HandleNewUser,
-       },
-       TranUpdateUser: {
-               Name:    "TranUpdateUser",
-               Handler: HandleUpdateUser,
-       },
-       TranOldPostNews: {
-               Name:    "TranOldPostNews",
-               Handler: HandleTranOldPostNews,
-       },
-       TranPostNewsArt: {
-               Name:    "TranPostNewsArt",
-               Handler: HandlePostNewsArt,
-       },
-       TranRejectChatInvite: {
-               Name:    "TranRejectChatInvite",
-               Handler: HandleRejectChatInvite,
-       },
-       TranSendInstantMsg: {
-               Name:    "TranSendInstantMsg",
-               Handler: HandleSendInstantMsg,
-               RequiredFields: []requiredField{
-                       {
-                               ID:     FieldData,
-                               minLen: 0,
-                       },
-                       {
-                               ID: FieldUserID,
-                       },
-               },
-       },
-       TranSetChatSubject: {
-               Name:    "TranSetChatSubject",
-               Handler: HandleSetChatSubject,
-       },
-       TranMakeFileAlias: {
-               Name:    "TranMakeFileAlias",
-               Handler: HandleMakeAlias,
-               RequiredFields: []requiredField{
-                       {ID: FieldFileName, minLen: 1},
-                       {ID: FieldFilePath, minLen: 1},
-                       {ID: FieldFileNewPath, minLen: 1},
-               },
-       },
-       TranSetClientUserInfo: {
-               Name:    "TranSetClientUserInfo",
-               Handler: HandleSetClientUserInfo,
-       },
-       TranSetFileInfo: {
-               Name:    "TranSetFileInfo",
-               Handler: HandleSetFileInfo,
-       },
-       TranSetUser: {
-               Name:    "TranSetUser",
-               Handler: HandleSetUser,
-       },
-       TranUploadFile: {
-               Name:    "TranUploadFile",
-               Handler: HandleUploadFile,
-       },
-       TranUploadFldr: {
-               Name:    "TranUploadFldr",
-               Handler: HandleUploadFolder,
-       },
-       TranUserBroadcast: {
-               Name:    "TranUserBroadcast",
-               Handler: HandleUserBroadcast,
-       },
-       TranDownloadBanner: {
-               Name:    "TranDownloadBanner",
-               Handler: HandleDownloadBanner,
-       },
-}
+// The total size of a chat message data field is 8192 bytes.
+const chatMsgLimit = 8192
 
-func HandleChatSend(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleChatSend(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessSendChat) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to participate in chat."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to participate in chat.")
        }
 
        // Truncate long usernames
-       trunc := fmt.Sprintf("%13s", cc.UserName)
-       formattedMsg := fmt.Sprintf("\r%.14s:  %s", trunc, t.GetField(FieldData).Data)
+       // %13.13s: This means a string that is right-aligned in a field of 13 characters.
+       // If the string is longer than 13 characters, it will be truncated to 13 characters.
+       formattedMsg := fmt.Sprintf("\r%13.13s:  %s", cc.UserName, t.GetField(FieldData).Data)
 
        // By holding the option key, Hotline chat allows users to send /me formatted messages like:
        // *** Halcyon does stuff
@@ -257,35 +88,40 @@ func HandleChatSend(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err erro
                formattedMsg = fmt.Sprintf("\r*** %s %s", cc.UserName, t.GetField(FieldData).Data)
        }
 
+       // Truncate the message to the limit.  This does not handle the edge case of a string ending on multibyte character.
+       formattedMsg = formattedMsg[:min(len(formattedMsg), chatMsgLimit)]
+
        // The ChatID field is used to identify messages as belonging to a private chat.
        // All clients *except* Frogblast omit this field for public chat, but Frogblast sends a value of 00 00 00 00.
        chatID := t.GetField(FieldChatID).Data
        if chatID != nil && !bytes.Equal([]byte{0, 0, 0, 0}, chatID) {
-               chatInt := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(chatID)
-               privChat := cc.Server.PrivateChats[chatInt]
-
-               clients := sortedClients(privChat.ClientConn)
+               privChat := cc.Server.PrivateChats[[4]byte(chatID)]
 
                // send the message to all connected clients of the private chat
-               for _, c := range clients {
-                       res = append(res, *NewTransaction(
+               for _, c := range privChat.ClientConn {
+                       res = append(res, NewTransaction(
                                TranChatMsg,
                                c.ID,
                                NewField(FieldChatID, chatID),
                                NewField(FieldData, []byte(formattedMsg)),
                        ))
                }
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
-       for _, c := range sortedClients(cc.Server.Clients) {
-               // Filter out clients that do not have the read chat permission
+       //cc.Server.mux.Lock()
+       for _, c := range cc.Server.Clients {
+               if c == nil || cc.Account == nil {
+                       continue
+               }
+               // Skip clients that do not have the read chat permission.
                if c.Authorize(accessReadChat) {
-                       res = append(res, *NewTransaction(TranChatMsg, c.ID, NewField(FieldData, []byte(formattedMsg))))
+                       res = append(res, NewTransaction(TranChatMsg, c.ID, NewField(FieldData, []byte(formattedMsg))))
                }
        }
+       //cc.Server.mux.Unlock()
 
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleSendInstantMsg sends instant message to the user on the current server.
@@ -303,21 +139,20 @@ func HandleChatSend(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err erro
 //
 // Fields used in the reply:
 // None
-func HandleSendInstantMsg(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleSendInstantMsg(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessSendPrivMsg) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to send private messages."))
-               return res, errors.New("user is not allowed to send private messages")
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to send private messages.")
        }
 
        msg := t.GetField(FieldData)
-       ID := t.GetField(FieldUserID)
+       userID := t.GetField(FieldUserID)
 
        reply := NewTransaction(
                TranServerMsg,
-               &ID.Data,
+               [2]byte(userID.Data),
                NewField(FieldData, msg.Data),
                NewField(FieldUserName, cc.UserName),
-               NewField(FieldUserID, *cc.ID),
+               NewField(FieldUserID, cc.ID[:]),
                NewField(FieldOptions, []byte{0, 1}),
        )
 
@@ -327,77 +162,72 @@ func HandleSendInstantMsg(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, er
                reply.Fields = append(reply.Fields, NewField(FieldQuotingMsg, t.GetField(FieldQuotingMsg).Data))
        }
 
-       id, err := byteToInt(ID.Data)
-       if err != nil {
-               return res, errors.New("invalid client ID")
-       }
-       otherClient, ok := cc.Server.Clients[uint16(id)]
+       otherClient, ok := cc.Server.Clients[[2]byte(userID.Data)]
        if !ok {
-               return res, errors.New("invalid client ID")
+               return res
        }
 
        // Check if target user has "Refuse private messages" flag
-       flagBitmap := big.NewInt(int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(otherClient.Flags)))
-       if flagBitmap.Bit(UserFlagRefusePM) == 1 {
+       if otherClient.Flags.IsSet(UserFlagRefusePM) {
                res = append(res,
-                       *NewTransaction(
+                       NewTransaction(
                                TranServerMsg,
                                cc.ID,
                                NewField(FieldData, []byte(string(otherClient.UserName)+" does not accept private messages.")),
                                NewField(FieldUserName, otherClient.UserName),
-                               NewField(FieldUserID, *otherClient.ID),
+                               NewField(FieldUserID, otherClient.ID[:]),
                                NewField(FieldOptions, []byte{0, 2}),
                        ),
                )
        } else {
-               res = append(res, *reply)
+               res = append(res, reply)
        }
 
        // Respond with auto reply if other client has it enabled
        if len(otherClient.AutoReply) > 0 {
                res = append(res,
-                       *NewTransaction(
+                       NewTransaction(
                                TranServerMsg,
                                cc.ID,
                                NewField(FieldData, otherClient.AutoReply),
                                NewField(FieldUserName, otherClient.UserName),
-                               NewField(FieldUserID, *otherClient.ID),
+                               NewField(FieldUserID, otherClient.ID[:]),
                                NewField(FieldOptions, []byte{0, 1}),
                        ),
                )
        }
 
-       res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-
-       return res, err
+       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
 }
 
-func HandleGetFileInfo(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+var fileTypeFLDR = [4]byte{0x66, 0x6c, 0x64, 0x72}
+
+func HandleGetFileInfo(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        fileName := t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data
        filePath := t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data
 
        fullFilePath, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, filePath, fileName)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        fw, err := newFileWrapper(cc.Server.FS, fullFilePath, 0)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        encodedName, err := txtEncoder.String(fw.name)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, fmt.Errorf("invalid filepath encoding: %w", err)
+               return res
        }
 
        fields := []Field{
                NewField(FieldFileName, []byte(encodedName)),
                NewField(FieldFileTypeString, fw.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork.friendlyType()),
                NewField(FieldFileCreatorString, fw.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork.friendlyCreator()),
-               NewField(FieldFileType, fw.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork.TypeSignature),
-               NewField(FieldFileCreateDate, fw.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork.CreateDate),
-               NewField(FieldFileModifyDate, fw.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork.ModifyDate),
+               NewField(FieldFileType, fw.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork.TypeSignature[:]),
+               NewField(FieldFileCreateDate, fw.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork.CreateDate[:]),
+               NewField(FieldFileModifyDate, fw.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork.ModifyDate[:]),
        }
 
        // Include the optional FileComment field if there is a comment.
@@ -406,69 +236,67 @@ func HandleGetFileInfo(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err e
        }
 
        // Include the FileSize field for files.
-       if !bytes.Equal(fw.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork.TypeSignature, []byte{0x66, 0x6c, 0x64, 0x72}) {
+       if fw.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork.TypeSignature != fileTypeFLDR {
                fields = append(fields, NewField(FieldFileSize, fw.totalSize()))
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t, fields...))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-// HandleSetFileInfo updates a file or folder name and/or comment from the Get Info window
+// HandleSetFileInfo updates a file or folder Name and/or comment from the Get Info window
 // Fields used in the request:
-// * 201       File name
+// * 201       File Name
 // * 202       File path       Optional
-// * 211       File new name   Optional
+// * 211       File new Name   Optional
 // * 210       File comment    Optional
 // Fields used in the reply:   None
-func HandleSetFileInfo(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleSetFileInfo(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        fileName := t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data
        filePath := t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data
 
        fullFilePath, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, filePath, fileName)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        fi, err := cc.Server.FS.Stat(fullFilePath)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        hlFile, err := newFileWrapper(cc.Server.FS, fullFilePath, 0)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
        if t.GetField(FieldFileComment).Data != nil {
                switch mode := fi.Mode(); {
                case mode.IsDir():
                        if !cc.Authorize(accessSetFolderComment) {
-                               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to set comments for folders."))
-                               return res, err
+                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to set comments for folders.")
                        }
                case mode.IsRegular():
                        if !cc.Authorize(accessSetFileComment) {
-                               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to set comments for files."))
-                               return res, err
+                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to set comments for files.")
                        }
                }
 
                if err := hlFile.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork.setComment(t.GetField(FieldFileComment).Data); err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+                       return res
                }
                w, err := hlFile.infoForkWriter()
                if err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+                       return res
                }
                _, err = io.Copy(w, &hlFile.ffo.FlatFileInformationFork)
                if err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+                       return res
                }
        }
 
        fullNewFilePath, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, filePath, t.GetField(FieldFileNewName).Data)
        if err != nil {
-               return nil, err
+               return nil
        }
 
        fileNewName := t.GetField(FieldFileNewName).Data
@@ -477,140 +305,130 @@ func HandleSetFileInfo(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err e
                switch mode := fi.Mode(); {
                case mode.IsDir():
                        if !cc.Authorize(accessRenameFolder) {
-                               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to rename folders."))
-                               return res, err
+                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to rename folders.")
                        }
                        err = os.Rename(fullFilePath, fullNewFilePath)
                        if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-                               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot rename folder "+string(fileName)+" because it does not exist or cannot be found."))
-                               return res, err
+                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot rename folder "+string(fileName)+" because it does not exist or cannot be found.")
+
                        }
                case mode.IsRegular():
                        if !cc.Authorize(accessRenameFile) {
-                               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to rename files."))
-                               return res, err
+                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to rename files.")
                        }
                        fileDir, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, filePath, []byte{})
                        if err != nil {
-                               return nil, err
+                               return nil
                        }
                        hlFile.name, err = txtDecoder.String(string(fileNewName))
                        if err != nil {
-                               return res, fmt.Errorf("invalid filepath encoding: %w", err)
+                               return res
                        }
 
                        err = hlFile.move(fileDir)
                        if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-                               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot rename file "+string(fileName)+" because it does not exist or cannot be found."))
-                               return res, err
+                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot rename file "+string(fileName)+" because it does not exist or cannot be found.")
                        }
                        if err != nil {
-                               return res, err
+                               return res
                        }
                }
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleDeleteFile deletes a file or folder
 // Fields used in the request:
-// * 201       File name
+// * 201       File Name
 // * 202       File path
 // Fields used in the reply: none
-func HandleDeleteFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleDeleteFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        fileName := t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data
        filePath := t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data
 
        fullFilePath, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, filePath, fileName)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        hlFile, err := newFileWrapper(cc.Server.FS, fullFilePath, 0)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        fi, err := hlFile.dataFile()
        if err != nil {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot delete file "+string(fileName)+" because it does not exist or cannot be found."))
-               return res, nil
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot delete file "+string(fileName)+" because it does not exist or cannot be found.")
        }
 
        switch mode := fi.Mode(); {
        case mode.IsDir():
                if !cc.Authorize(accessDeleteFolder) {
-                       res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete folders."))
-                       return res, err
+                       return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete folders.")
                }
        case mode.IsRegular():
                if !cc.Authorize(accessDeleteFile) {
-                       res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete files."))
-                       return res, err
+                       return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete files.")
                }
        }
 
        if err := hlFile.delete(); err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleMoveFile moves files or folders. Note: seemingly not documented
-func HandleMoveFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleMoveFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        fileName := string(t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data)
 
        filePath, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data, t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        fileNewPath, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, t.GetField(FieldFileNewPath).Data, nil)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
-       cc.logger.Infow("Move file", "src", filePath+"/"+fileName, "dst", fileNewPath+"/"+fileName)
+       cc.logger.Info("Move file", "src", filePath+"/"+fileName, "dst", fileNewPath+"/"+fileName)
 
        hlFile, err := newFileWrapper(cc.Server.FS, filePath, 0)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        fi, err := hlFile.dataFile()
        if err != nil {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot delete file "+fileName+" because it does not exist or cannot be found."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot delete file "+fileName+" because it does not exist or cannot be found.")
        }
        switch mode := fi.Mode(); {
        case mode.IsDir():
                if !cc.Authorize(accessMoveFolder) {
-                       res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to move folders."))
-                       return res, err
+                       return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to move folders.")
                }
        case mode.IsRegular():
                if !cc.Authorize(accessMoveFile) {
-                       res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to move files."))
-                       return res, err
+                       return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to move files.")
                }
        }
        if err := hlFile.move(fileNewPath); err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
        // TODO: handle other possible errors; e.g. fileWrapper delete fails due to fileWrapper permission issue
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-func HandleNewFolder(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleNewFolder(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessCreateFolder) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to create folders."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to create folders.")
        }
        folderName := string(t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data)
 
@@ -623,7 +441,7 @@ func HandleNewFolder(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err err
                var newFp FilePath
                _, err := newFp.Write(t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data)
                if err != nil {
-                       return nil, err
+                       return res
                }
 
                for _, pathItem := range newFp.Items {
@@ -631,31 +449,30 @@ func HandleNewFolder(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err err
                }
        }
        newFolderPath := path.Join(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, subPath, folderName)
-       newFolderPath, err = txtDecoder.String(newFolderPath)
+       newFolderPath, err := txtDecoder.String(newFolderPath)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, fmt.Errorf("invalid filepath encoding: %w", err)
+               return res
        }
 
-       // TODO: check path and folder name lengths
+       // TODO: check path and folder Name lengths
 
        if _, err := cc.Server.FS.Stat(newFolderPath); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-               msg := fmt.Sprintf("Cannot create folder \"%s\" because there is already a file or folder with that name.", folderName)
-               return []Transaction{cc.NewErrReply(t, msg)}, nil
+               msg := fmt.Sprintf("Cannot create folder \"%s\" because there is already a file or folder with that Name.", folderName)
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, msg)
        }
 
        if err := cc.Server.FS.Mkdir(newFolderPath, 0777); err != nil {
                msg := fmt.Sprintf("Cannot create folder \"%s\" because an error occurred.", folderName)
-               return []Transaction{cc.NewErrReply(t, msg)}, nil
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, msg)
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-func HandleSetUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleSetUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessModifyUser) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to modify accounts."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to modify accounts.")
        }
 
        login := string(encodeString(t.GetField(FieldUserLogin).Data))
@@ -665,7 +482,7 @@ func HandleSetUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error
 
        account := cc.Server.Accounts[login]
        if account == nil {
-               return append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Account not found.")), nil
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Account not found.")
        }
        account.Name = userName
        copy(account.Access[:], newAccessLvl)
@@ -682,33 +499,30 @@ func HandleSetUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error
 
        out, err := yaml.Marshal(&account)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
        if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(cc.Server.ConfigDir, "Users", login+".yaml"), out, 0666); err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        // Notify connected clients logged in as the user of the new access level
        for _, c := range cc.Server.Clients {
                if c.Account.Login == login {
-                       // Note: comment out these two lines to test server-side deny messages
                        newT := NewTransaction(TranUserAccess, c.ID, NewField(FieldUserAccess, newAccessLvl))
-                       res = append(res, *newT)
+                       res = append(res, newT)
 
-                       flagBitmap := big.NewInt(int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(c.Flags)))
                        if c.Authorize(accessDisconUser) {
-                               flagBitmap.SetBit(flagBitmap, UserFlagAdmin, 1)
+                               c.Flags.Set(UserFlagAdmin, 1)
                        } else {
-                               flagBitmap.SetBit(flagBitmap, UserFlagAdmin, 0)
+                               c.Flags.Set(UserFlagAdmin, 0)
                        }
-                       binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(c.Flags, uint16(flagBitmap.Int64()))
 
                        c.Account.Access = account.Access
 
                        cc.sendAll(
                                TranNotifyChangeUser,
-                               NewField(FieldUserID, *c.ID),
-                               NewField(FieldUserFlags, c.Flags),
+                               NewField(FieldUserID, c.ID[:]),
+                               NewField(FieldUserFlags, c.Flags[:]),
                                NewField(FieldUserName, c.UserName),
                                NewField(FieldUserIconID, c.Icon),
                        )
@@ -716,19 +530,17 @@ func HandleSetUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-func HandleGetUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleGetUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessOpenUser) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to view accounts."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to view accounts.")
        }
 
        account := cc.Server.Accounts[string(t.GetField(FieldUserLogin).Data)]
        if account == nil {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Account does not exist."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Account does not exist.")
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t,
@@ -737,27 +549,27 @@ func HandleGetUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error
                NewField(FieldUserPassword, []byte(account.Password)),
                NewField(FieldUserAccess, account.Access[:]),
        ))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-func HandleListUsers(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleListUsers(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessOpenUser) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to view accounts."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to view accounts.")
        }
 
        var userFields []Field
        for _, acc := range cc.Server.Accounts {
-               b, err := io.ReadAll(acc)
+               accCopy := *acc
+               b, err := io.ReadAll(&accCopy)
                if err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+                       return res
                }
 
                userFields = append(userFields, NewField(FieldData, b))
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t, userFields...))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleUpdateUser is used by the v1.5+ multi-user editor to perform account editing for multiple users at a time.
@@ -769,25 +581,35 @@ func HandleListUsers(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err err
 // The Transaction sent by the client includes one data field per user that was modified.  This data field in turn
 // contains another data field encoded in its payload with a varying number of sub fields depending on which action is
 // performed.  This seems to be the only place in the Hotline protocol where a data field contains another data field.
-func HandleUpdateUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleUpdateUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        for _, field := range t.Fields {
-               subFields, err := ReadFields(field.Data[0:2], field.Data[2:])
-               if err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+               var subFields []Field
+
+               // Create a new scanner for parsing incoming bytes into transaction tokens
+               scanner := bufio.NewScanner(bytes.NewReader(field.Data[2:]))
+               scanner.Split(fieldScanner)
+
+               for i := 0; i < int(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(field.Data[0:2])); i++ {
+                       scanner.Scan()
+
+                       var field Field
+                       if _, err := field.Write(scanner.Bytes()); err != nil {
+                               return res
+                       }
+                       subFields = append(subFields, field)
                }
 
                // If there's only one subfield, that indicates this is a delete operation for the login in FieldData
                if len(subFields) == 1 {
                        if !cc.Authorize(accessDeleteUser) {
-                               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete accounts."))
-                               return res, err
+                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete accounts.")
                        }
 
                        login := string(encodeString(getField(FieldData, &subFields).Data))
-                       cc.logger.Infow("DeleteUser", "login", login)
+                       cc.logger.Info("DeleteUser", "login", login)
 
                        if err := cc.Server.DeleteUser(login); err != nil {
-                               return res, err
+                               return res
                        }
                        continue
                }
@@ -810,15 +632,14 @@ func HandleUpdateUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err er
                // Check if accountToUpdate has an existing account.  If so, we know we are updating an existing user.
                if acc, ok := cc.Server.Accounts[accountToUpdate]; ok {
                        if loginToRename != "" {
-                               cc.logger.Infow("RenameUser", "prevLogin", accountToUpdate, "newLogin", userLogin)
+                               cc.logger.Info("RenameUser", "prevLogin", accountToUpdate, "newLogin", userLogin)
                        } else {
-                               cc.logger.Infow("UpdateUser", "login", accountToUpdate)
+                               cc.logger.Info("UpdateUser", "login", accountToUpdate)
                        }
 
                        // account exists, so this is an update action
                        if !cc.Authorize(accessModifyUser) {
-                               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to modify accounts."))
-                               return res, nil
+                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to modify accounts.")
                        }
 
                        // This part is a bit tricky. There are three possibilities:
@@ -841,7 +662,7 @@ func HandleUpdateUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err er
                                copy(acc.Access[:], getField(FieldUserAccess, &subFields).Data)
                        }
 
-                       err = cc.Server.UpdateUser(
+                       err := cc.Server.UpdateUser(
                                string(encodeString(getField(FieldData, &subFields).Data)),
                                string(encodeString(getField(FieldUserLogin, &subFields).Data)),
                                string(getField(FieldUserName, &subFields).Data),
@@ -849,15 +670,14 @@ func HandleUpdateUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err er
                                acc.Access,
                        )
                        if err != nil {
-                               return res, err
+                               return res
                        }
                } else {
                        if !cc.Authorize(accessCreateUser) {
-                               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to create new accounts."))
-                               return res, nil
+                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to create new accounts.")
                        }
 
-                       cc.logger.Infow("CreateUser", "login", userLogin)
+                       cc.logger.Info("CreateUser", "login", userLogin)
 
                        newAccess := accessBitmap{}
                        copy(newAccess[:], getField(FieldUserAccess, &subFields).Data)
@@ -866,35 +686,32 @@ func HandleUpdateUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err er
                        for i := 0; i < 64; i++ {
                                if newAccess.IsSet(i) {
                                        if !cc.Authorize(i) {
-                                               return append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot create account with more access than yourself.")), nil
+                                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot create account with more access than yourself.")
                                        }
                                }
                        }
 
-                       err = cc.Server.NewUser(userLogin, string(getField(FieldUserName, &subFields).Data), string(getField(FieldUserPassword, &subFields).Data), newAccess)
+                       err := cc.Server.NewUser(userLogin, string(getField(FieldUserName, &subFields).Data), string(getField(FieldUserPassword, &subFields).Data), newAccess)
                        if err != nil {
-                               return append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot create account because there is already an account with that login.")), nil
+                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot create account because there is already an account with that login.")
                        }
                }
        }
 
-       res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
 }
 
 // HandleNewUser creates a new user account
-func HandleNewUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleNewUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessCreateUser) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to create new accounts."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to create new accounts.")
        }
 
        login := string(encodeString(t.GetField(FieldUserLogin).Data))
 
        // If the account already dataFile, reply with an error
        if _, ok := cc.Server.Accounts[login]; ok {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot create account "+login+" because there is already an account with that login."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot create account "+login+" because there is already an account with that login.")
        }
 
        newAccess := accessBitmap{}
@@ -904,52 +721,45 @@ func HandleNewUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error
        for i := 0; i < 64; i++ {
                if newAccess.IsSet(i) {
                        if !cc.Authorize(i) {
-                               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot create account with more access than yourself."))
-                               return res, err
+                               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot create account with more access than yourself.")
                        }
                }
        }
 
        if err := cc.Server.NewUser(login, string(t.GetField(FieldUserName).Data), string(t.GetField(FieldUserPassword).Data), newAccess); err != nil {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot create account because there is already an account with that login."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Cannot create account because there is already an account with that login.")
        }
 
-       res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
 }
 
-func HandleDeleteUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleDeleteUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessDeleteUser) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete accounts."))
-               return res, nil
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete accounts.")
        }
 
        login := string(encodeString(t.GetField(FieldUserLogin).Data))
 
        if err := cc.Server.DeleteUser(login); err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
-       res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
 }
 
 // HandleUserBroadcast sends an Administrator Message to all connected clients of the server
-func HandleUserBroadcast(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleUserBroadcast(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessBroadcast) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to send broadcast messages."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to send broadcast messages.")
        }
 
        cc.sendAll(
                TranServerMsg,
-               NewField(FieldData, t.GetField(TranGetMsgs).Data),
+               NewField(FieldData, t.GetField(FieldData).Data),
                NewField(FieldChatOptions, []byte{0}),
        )
 
-       res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
 }
 
 // HandleGetClientInfoText returns user information for the specific user.
@@ -958,35 +768,32 @@ func HandleUserBroadcast(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err
 // 103 User ID
 //
 // Fields used in the reply:
-// 102 User name
+// 102 User Name
 // 101 Data            User info text string
-func HandleGetClientInfoText(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleGetClientInfoText(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessGetClientInfo) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to get client info."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to get client info.")
        }
 
-       clientID, _ := byteToInt(t.GetField(FieldUserID).Data)
+       clientID := t.GetField(FieldUserID).Data
 
-       clientConn := cc.Server.Clients[uint16(clientID)]
+       clientConn := cc.Server.Clients[[2]byte(clientID)]
        if clientConn == nil {
-               return append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "User not found.")), err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "User not found.")
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t,
                NewField(FieldData, []byte(clientConn.String())),
                NewField(FieldUserName, clientConn.UserName),
        ))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-func HandleGetUserNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
-       res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t, cc.Server.connectedUsers()...))
-
-       return res, err
+func HandleGetUserNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
+       return []Transaction{cc.NewReply(t, cc.Server.connectedUsers()...)}
 }
 
-func HandleTranAgreed(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleTranAgreed(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if t.GetField(FieldUserName).Data != nil {
                if cc.Authorize(accessAnyName) {
                        cc.UserName = t.GetField(FieldUserName).Data
@@ -997,60 +804,52 @@ func HandleTranAgreed(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err er
 
        cc.Icon = t.GetField(FieldUserIconID).Data
 
-       cc.logger = cc.logger.With("name", string(cc.UserName))
-       cc.logger.Infow("Login successful", "clientVersion", fmt.Sprintf("%v", func() int { i, _ := byteToInt(cc.Version); return i }()))
+       cc.logger = cc.logger.With("Name", string(cc.UserName))
+       cc.logger.Info("Login successful", "clientVersion", fmt.Sprintf("%v", func() int { i, _ := byteToInt(cc.Version); return i }()))
 
        options := t.GetField(FieldOptions).Data
        optBitmap := big.NewInt(int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(options)))
 
-       flagBitmap := big.NewInt(int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(cc.Flags)))
-
        // Check refuse private PM option
-       if optBitmap.Bit(refusePM) == 1 {
-               flagBitmap.SetBit(flagBitmap, UserFlagRefusePM, 1)
-               binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(cc.Flags, uint16(flagBitmap.Int64()))
-       }
+
+       cc.flagsMU.Lock()
+       defer cc.flagsMU.Unlock()
+       cc.Flags.Set(UserFlagRefusePM, optBitmap.Bit(UserOptRefusePM))
 
        // Check refuse private chat option
-       if optBitmap.Bit(refuseChat) == 1 {
-               flagBitmap.SetBit(flagBitmap, UserFlagRefusePChat, 1)
-               binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(cc.Flags, uint16(flagBitmap.Int64()))
-       }
+       cc.Flags.Set(UserFlagRefusePChat, optBitmap.Bit(UserOptRefuseChat))
 
        // Check auto response
-       if optBitmap.Bit(autoResponse) == 1 {
+       if optBitmap.Bit(UserOptAutoResponse) == 1 {
                cc.AutoReply = t.GetField(FieldAutomaticResponse).Data
-       } else {
-               cc.AutoReply = []byte{}
        }
 
        trans := cc.notifyOthers(
-               *NewTransaction(
-                       TranNotifyChangeUser, nil,
+               NewTransaction(
+                       TranNotifyChangeUser, [2]byte{0, 0},
                        NewField(FieldUserName, cc.UserName),
-                       NewField(FieldUserID, *cc.ID),
+                       NewField(FieldUserID, cc.ID[:]),
                        NewField(FieldUserIconID, cc.Icon),
-                       NewField(FieldUserFlags, cc.Flags),
+                       NewField(FieldUserFlags, cc.Flags[:]),
                ),
        )
        res = append(res, trans...)
 
        if cc.Server.Config.BannerFile != "" {
-               res = append(res, *NewTransaction(TranServerBanner, cc.ID, NewField(FieldBannerType, []byte("JPEG"))))
+               res = append(res, NewTransaction(TranServerBanner, cc.ID, NewField(FieldBannerType, []byte("JPEG"))))
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
 
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleTranOldPostNews updates the flat news
 // Fields used in this request:
 // 101 Data
-func HandleTranOldPostNews(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleTranOldPostNews(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessNewsPostArt) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to post news."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to post news.")
        }
 
        cc.Server.flatNewsMux.Lock()
@@ -1074,7 +873,7 @@ func HandleTranOldPostNews(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, e
 
        // update news on disk
        if err := cc.Server.FS.WriteFile(filepath.Join(cc.Server.ConfigDir, "MessageBoard.txt"), cc.Server.FlatNews, 0644); err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        // Notify all clients of updated news
@@ -1084,20 +883,18 @@ func HandleTranOldPostNews(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, e
        )
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-func HandleDisconnectUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleDisconnectUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessDisconUser) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to disconnect users."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to disconnect users.")
        }
 
-       clientConn := cc.Server.Clients[binary.BigEndian.Uint16(t.GetField(FieldUserID).Data)]
+       clientConn := cc.Server.Clients[[2]byte(t.GetField(FieldUserID).Data)]
 
        if clientConn.Authorize(accessCannotBeDiscon) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, clientConn.Account.Login+" is not allowed to be disconnected."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, clientConn.Account.Login+" is not allowed to be disconnected.")
        }
 
        // If FieldOptions is set, then the client IP is banned in addition to disconnected.
@@ -1107,9 +904,9 @@ func HandleDisconnectUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, er
                switch t.GetField(FieldOptions).Data[1] {
                case 1:
                        // send message: "You are temporarily banned on this server"
-                       cc.logger.Infow("Disconnect & temporarily ban " + string(clientConn.UserName))
+                       cc.logger.Info("Disconnect & temporarily ban " + string(clientConn.UserName))
 
-                       res = append(res, *NewTransaction(
+                       res = append(res, NewTransaction(
                                TranServerMsg,
                                clientConn.ID,
                                NewField(FieldData, []byte("You are temporarily banned on this server")),
@@ -1120,9 +917,9 @@ func HandleDisconnectUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, er
                        cc.Server.banList[strings.Split(clientConn.RemoteAddr, ":")[0]] = &banUntil
                case 2:
                        // send message: "You are permanently banned on this server"
-                       cc.logger.Infow("Disconnect & ban " + string(clientConn.UserName))
+                       cc.logger.Info("Disconnect & ban " + string(clientConn.UserName))
 
-                       res = append(res, *NewTransaction(
+                       res = append(res, NewTransaction(
                                TranServerMsg,
                                clientConn.ID,
                                NewField(FieldData, []byte("You are permanently banned on this server")),
@@ -1134,7 +931,7 @@ func HandleDisconnectUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, er
 
                err := cc.Server.writeBanList()
                if err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+                       return res
                }
        }
 
@@ -1144,16 +941,15 @@ func HandleDisconnectUser(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, er
                clientConn.Disconnect()
        }()
 
-       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t)), err
+       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
 }
 
 // HandleGetNewsCatNameList returns a list of news categories for a path
 // Fields used in the request:
 // 325 News path       (Optional)
-func HandleGetNewsCatNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleGetNewsCatNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessNewsReadArt) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to read news."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to read news.")
        }
 
        pathStrs := ReadNewsPath(t.GetField(FieldNewsPath).Data)
@@ -1171,21 +967,19 @@ func HandleGetNewsCatNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction
        var fieldData []Field
        for _, k := range keys {
                cat := cats[k]
-               b, _ := cat.MarshalBinary()
-               fieldData = append(fieldData, NewField(
-                       FieldNewsCatListData15,
-                       b,
-               ))
+
+               b, _ := io.ReadAll(&cat)
+
+               fieldData = append(fieldData, NewField(FieldNewsCatListData15, b))
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t, fieldData...))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-func HandleNewNewsCat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleNewNewsCat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessNewsCreateCat) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to create news categories."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to create news categories.")
        }
 
        name := string(t.GetField(FieldNewsCatName).Data)
@@ -1200,26 +994,23 @@ func HandleNewNewsCat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err er
        }
 
        if err := cc.Server.writeThreadedNews(); err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // Fields used in the request:
-// 322 News category name
+// 322 News category Name
 // 325 News path
-func HandleNewNewsFldr(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleNewNewsFldr(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessNewsCreateFldr) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to create news folders."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to create news folders.")
        }
 
        name := string(t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data)
        pathStrs := ReadNewsPath(t.GetField(FieldNewsPath).Data)
 
-       cc.logger.Infof("Creating new news folder %s", name)
-
        cats := cc.Server.GetNewsCatByPath(pathStrs)
        cats[name] = NewsCategoryListData15{
                Name:     name,
@@ -1228,10 +1019,10 @@ func HandleNewNewsFldr(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err e
                SubCats:  make(map[string]NewsCategoryListData15),
        }
        if err := cc.Server.writeThreadedNews(); err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleGetNewsArtData gets the list of article names at the specified news path.
@@ -1241,11 +1032,11 @@ func HandleNewNewsFldr(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err e
 
 // Fields used in the reply:
 // 321 News article list data  Optional
-func HandleGetNewsArtNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleGetNewsArtNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessNewsReadArt) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to read news."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to read news.")
        }
+
        pathStrs := ReadNewsPath(t.GetField(FieldNewsPath).Data)
 
        var cat NewsCategoryListData15
@@ -1260,11 +1051,11 @@ func HandleGetNewsArtNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction
 
        b, err := io.ReadAll(&nald)
        if err != nil {
-
+               return res
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t, NewField(FieldNewsArtListData, b)))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleGetNewsArtData requests information about the specific news article.
@@ -1285,10 +1076,9 @@ func HandleGetNewsArtNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction
 // 336 First child article ID
 // 327 News article data flavor        "Should be “text/plain”
 // 333 News article data       Optional (if data flavor is “text/plain”)
-func HandleGetNewsArtData(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleGetNewsArtData(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessNewsReadArt) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to read news."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to read news.")
        }
 
        var cat NewsCategoryListData15
@@ -1303,27 +1093,26 @@ func HandleGetNewsArtData(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, er
        // some third party clients such as Frogblast and Heildrun will always send 4 bytes
        convertedID, err := byteToInt(t.GetField(FieldNewsArtID).Data)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        art := cat.Articles[uint32(convertedID)]
        if art == nil {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-               return res, err
+               return append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t,
                NewField(FieldNewsArtTitle, []byte(art.Title)),
                NewField(FieldNewsArtPoster, []byte(art.Poster)),
-               NewField(FieldNewsArtDate, art.Date),
-               NewField(FieldNewsArtPrevArt, art.PrevArt),
-               NewField(FieldNewsArtNextArt, art.NextArt),
-               NewField(FieldNewsArtParentArt, art.ParentArt),
-               NewField(FieldNewsArt1stChildArt, art.FirstChildArt),
+               NewField(FieldNewsArtDate, art.Date[:]),
+               NewField(FieldNewsArtPrevArt, art.PrevArt[:]),
+               NewField(FieldNewsArtNextArt, art.NextArt[:]),
+               NewField(FieldNewsArtParentArt, art.ParentArt[:]),
+               NewField(FieldNewsArt1stChildArt, art.FirstChildArt[:]),
                NewField(FieldNewsArtDataFlav, []byte("text/plain")),
                NewField(FieldNewsArtData, []byte(art.Data)),
        ))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleDelNewsItem deletes an existing threaded news folder or category from the server.
@@ -1331,7 +1120,7 @@ func HandleGetNewsArtData(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, er
 // 325 News path
 // Fields used in the reply:
 // None
-func HandleDelNewsItem(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleDelNewsItem(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        pathStrs := ReadNewsPath(t.GetField(FieldNewsPath).Data)
 
        cats := cc.Server.ThreadedNews.Categories
@@ -1344,27 +1133,27 @@ func HandleDelNewsItem(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err e
 
        if cats[delName].Type == [2]byte{0, 3} {
                if !cc.Authorize(accessNewsDeleteCat) {
-                       return append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete news categories.")), nil
+                       return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete news categories.")
                }
        } else {
                if !cc.Authorize(accessNewsDeleteFldr) {
-                       return append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete news folders.")), nil
+                       return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete news folders.")
                }
        }
 
        delete(cats, delName)
 
        if err := cc.Server.writeThreadedNews(); err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
-       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t)), nil
+       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
 }
 
-func HandleDelNewsArt(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleDelNewsArt(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessNewsDeleteArt) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete news articles."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to delete news articles.")
+
        }
 
        // Request Fields
@@ -1374,7 +1163,7 @@ func HandleDelNewsArt(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err er
        pathStrs := ReadNewsPath(t.GetField(FieldNewsPath).Data)
        ID, err := byteToInt(t.GetField(FieldNewsArtID).Data)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        // TODO: Delete recursive
@@ -1387,11 +1176,11 @@ func HandleDelNewsArt(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err er
 
        cats[catName] = cat
        if err := cc.Server.writeThreadedNews(); err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // Request fields
@@ -1401,10 +1190,9 @@ func HandleDelNewsArt(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err er
 // 334 News article flags
 // 327 News article data flavor                Currently “text/plain”
 // 333 News article data
-func HandlePostNewsArt(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandlePostNewsArt(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessNewsPostArt) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to post news articles."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to post news articles.")
        }
 
        pathStrs := ReadNewsPath(t.GetField(FieldNewsPath).Data)
@@ -1415,22 +1203,22 @@ func HandlePostNewsArt(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err e
 
        artID, err := byteToInt(t.GetField(FieldNewsArtID).Data)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
        convertedArtID := uint32(artID)
        bs := make([]byte, 4)
        binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(bs, convertedArtID)
 
+       cc.Server.mux.Lock()
+       defer cc.Server.mux.Unlock()
+
        newArt := NewsArtData{
-               Title:         string(t.GetField(FieldNewsArtTitle).Data),
-               Poster:        string(cc.UserName),
-               Date:          toHotlineTime(time.Now()),
-               PrevArt:       []byte{0, 0, 0, 0},
-               NextArt:       []byte{0, 0, 0, 0},
-               ParentArt:     bs,
-               FirstChildArt: []byte{0, 0, 0, 0},
-               DataFlav:      []byte("text/plain"),
-               Data:          string(t.GetField(FieldNewsArtData).Data),
+               Title:     string(t.GetField(FieldNewsArtTitle).Data),
+               Poster:    string(cc.UserName),
+               Date:      toHotlineTime(time.Now()),
+               ParentArt: [4]byte(bs),
+               DataFlav:  []byte("text/plain"),
+               Data:      string(t.GetField(FieldNewsArtData).Data),
        }
 
        var keys []int
@@ -1444,10 +1232,10 @@ func HandlePostNewsArt(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err e
                prevID := uint32(keys[len(keys)-1])
                nextID = prevID + 1
 
-               binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(newArt.PrevArt, prevID)
+               binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(newArt.PrevArt[:], prevID)
 
                // Set next article ID
-               binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(cat.Articles[prevID].NextArt, nextID)
+               binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(cat.Articles[prevID].NextArt[:], nextID)
        }
 
        // Update parent article with first child reply
@@ -1455,8 +1243,8 @@ func HandlePostNewsArt(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err e
        if parentID != 0 {
                parentArt := cat.Articles[parentID]
 
-               if bytes.Equal(parentArt.FirstChildArt, []byte{0, 0, 0, 0}) {
-                       binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(parentArt.FirstChildArt, nextID)
+               if parentArt.FirstChildArt == [4]byte{0, 0, 0, 0} {
+                       binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(parentArt.FirstChildArt[:], nextID)
                }
        }
 
@@ -1464,29 +1252,26 @@ func HandlePostNewsArt(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err e
 
        cats[catName] = cat
        if err := cc.Server.writeThreadedNews(); err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
-       res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
 }
 
 // HandleGetMsgs returns the flat news data
-func HandleGetMsgs(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleGetMsgs(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessNewsReadArt) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to read news."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to read news.")
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t, NewField(FieldData, cc.Server.FlatNews)))
 
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-func HandleDownloadFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleDownloadFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessDownloadFile) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to download files."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to download files.")
        }
 
        fileName := t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data
@@ -1497,7 +1282,7 @@ func HandleDownloadFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err
        var frd FileResumeData
        if resumeData != nil {
                if err := frd.UnmarshalBinary(t.GetField(FieldFileResumeData).Data); err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+                       return res
                }
                // TODO: handle rsrc fork offset
                dataOffset = int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(frd.ForkInfoList[0].DataSize[:]))
@@ -1505,12 +1290,12 @@ func HandleDownloadFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err
 
        fullFilePath, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, filePath, fileName)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        hlFile, err := newFileWrapper(cc.Server.FS, fullFilePath, dataOffset)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        xferSize := hlFile.ffo.TransferSize(0)
@@ -1521,7 +1306,7 @@ func HandleDownloadFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err
        if resumeData != nil {
                var frd FileResumeData
                if err := frd.UnmarshalBinary(t.GetField(FieldFileResumeData).Data); err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+                       return res
                }
                ft.fileResumeData = &frd
        }
@@ -1541,67 +1326,66 @@ func HandleDownloadFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err
                NewField(FieldFileSize, hlFile.ffo.FlatFileDataForkHeader.DataSize[:]),
        ))
 
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // Download all files from the specified folder and sub-folders
-func HandleDownloadFolder(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleDownloadFolder(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessDownloadFile) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to download folders."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to download folders.")
        }
 
        fullFilePath, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data, t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        transferSize, err := CalcTotalSize(fullFilePath)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
        itemCount, err := CalcItemCount(fullFilePath)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
+       spew.Dump(itemCount)
 
        fileTransfer := cc.newFileTransfer(FolderDownload, t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data, t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data, transferSize)
 
        var fp FilePath
        _, err = fp.Write(t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t,
-               NewField(FieldRefNum, fileTransfer.ReferenceNumber),
+               NewField(FieldRefNum, fileTransfer.refNum[:]),
                NewField(FieldTransferSize, transferSize),
                NewField(FieldFolderItemCount, itemCount),
                NewField(FieldWaitingCount, []byte{0x00, 0x00}), // TODO: Implement waiting count
        ))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // Upload all files from the local folder and its subfolders to the specified path on the server
 // Fields used in the request
-// 201 File name
+// 201 File Name
 // 202 File path
 // 108 transfer size   Total size of all items in the folder
 // 220 Folder item count
 // 204 File transfer options   "Optional Currently set to 1" (TODO: ??)
-func HandleUploadFolder(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleUploadFolder(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        var fp FilePath
        if t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data != nil {
-               if _, err = fp.Write(t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data); err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+               if _, err := fp.Write(t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data); err != nil {
+                       return res
                }
        }
 
        // Handle special cases for Upload and Drop Box folders
        if !cc.Authorize(accessUploadAnywhere) {
                if !fp.IsUploadDir() && !fp.IsDropbox() {
-                       res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, fmt.Sprintf("Cannot accept upload of the folder \"%v\" because you are only allowed to upload to the \"Uploads\" folder.", string(t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data))))
-                       return res, err
+                       return cc.NewErrReply(t, fmt.Sprintf("Cannot accept upload of the folder \"%v\" because you are only allowed to upload to the \"Uploads\" folder.", string(t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data)))
                }
        }
 
@@ -1613,21 +1397,19 @@ func HandleUploadFolder(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err
 
        fileTransfer.FolderItemCount = t.GetField(FieldFolderItemCount).Data
 
-       res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t, NewField(FieldRefNum, fileTransfer.ReferenceNumber)))
-       return res, err
+       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t, NewField(FieldRefNum, fileTransfer.refNum[:])))
 }
 
 // HandleUploadFile
 // Fields used in the request:
-// 201 File name
+// 201 File Name
 // 202 File path
 // 204 File transfer options   "Optional
 // Used only to resume download, currently has value 2"
 // 108 File transfer size      "Optional used if download is not resumed"
-func HandleUploadFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleUploadFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessUploadFile) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to upload files."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to upload files.")
        }
 
        fileName := t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data
@@ -1637,37 +1419,35 @@ func HandleUploadFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err er
 
        var fp FilePath
        if filePath != nil {
-               if _, err = fp.Write(filePath); err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+               if _, err := fp.Write(filePath); err != nil {
+                       return res
                }
        }
 
        // Handle special cases for Upload and Drop Box folders
        if !cc.Authorize(accessUploadAnywhere) {
                if !fp.IsUploadDir() && !fp.IsDropbox() {
-                       res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, fmt.Sprintf("Cannot accept upload of the file \"%v\" because you are only allowed to upload to the \"Uploads\" folder.", string(fileName))))
-                       return res, err
+                       return cc.NewErrReply(t, fmt.Sprintf("Cannot accept upload of the file \"%v\" because you are only allowed to upload to the \"Uploads\" folder.", string(fileName)))
                }
        }
        fullFilePath, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, filePath, fileName)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        if _, err := cc.Server.FS.Stat(fullFilePath); err == nil {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, fmt.Sprintf("Cannot accept upload because there is already a file named \"%v\".  Try choosing a different name.", string(fileName))))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, fmt.Sprintf("Cannot accept upload because there is already a file named \"%v\".  Try choosing a different Name.", string(fileName)))
        }
 
        ft := cc.newFileTransfer(FileUpload, fileName, filePath, transferSize)
 
-       replyT := cc.NewReply(t, NewField(FieldRefNum, ft.ReferenceNumber))
+       replyT := cc.NewReply(t, NewField(FieldRefNum, ft.refNum[:]))
 
        // client has requested to resume a partially transferred file
        if transferOptions != nil {
                fileInfo, err := cc.Server.FS.Stat(fullFilePath + incompleteFileSuffix)
                if err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+                       return res
                }
 
                offset := make([]byte, 4)
@@ -1685,10 +1465,10 @@ func HandleUploadFile(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err er
        }
 
        res = append(res, replyT)
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-func HandleSetClientUserInfo(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleSetClientUserInfo(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if len(t.GetField(FieldUserIconID).Data) == 4 {
                cc.Icon = t.GetField(FieldUserIconID).Data[2:]
        } else {
@@ -1698,80 +1478,82 @@ func HandleSetClientUserInfo(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction,
                cc.UserName = t.GetField(FieldUserName).Data
        }
 
+       cc.flagsMU.Lock()
+       defer cc.flagsMU.Unlock()
+
        // the options field is only passed by the client versions > 1.2.3.
        options := t.GetField(FieldOptions).Data
        if options != nil {
                optBitmap := big.NewInt(int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(options)))
-               flagBitmap := big.NewInt(int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(cc.Flags)))
+               flagBitmap := big.NewInt(int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(cc.Flags[:])))
 
-               flagBitmap.SetBit(flagBitmap, UserFlagRefusePM, optBitmap.Bit(refusePM))
-               binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(cc.Flags, uint16(flagBitmap.Int64()))
+               flagBitmap.SetBit(flagBitmap, UserFlagRefusePM, optBitmap.Bit(UserOptRefusePM))
+               binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(cc.Flags[:], uint16(flagBitmap.Int64()))
 
-               flagBitmap.SetBit(flagBitmap, UserFlagRefusePChat, optBitmap.Bit(refuseChat))
-               binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(cc.Flags, uint16(flagBitmap.Int64()))
+               flagBitmap.SetBit(flagBitmap, UserFlagRefusePChat, optBitmap.Bit(UserOptRefuseChat))
+               binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(cc.Flags[:], uint16(flagBitmap.Int64()))
 
                // Check auto response
-               if optBitmap.Bit(autoResponse) == 1 {
+               if optBitmap.Bit(UserOptAutoResponse) == 1 {
                        cc.AutoReply = t.GetField(FieldAutomaticResponse).Data
                } else {
                        cc.AutoReply = []byte{}
                }
        }
 
-       for _, c := range sortedClients(cc.Server.Clients) {
-               res = append(res, *NewTransaction(
+       for _, c := range cc.Server.Clients {
+               res = append(res, NewTransaction(
                        TranNotifyChangeUser,
                        c.ID,
-                       NewField(FieldUserID, *cc.ID),
+                       NewField(FieldUserID, cc.ID[:]),
                        NewField(FieldUserIconID, cc.Icon),
-                       NewField(FieldUserFlags, cc.Flags),
+                       NewField(FieldUserFlags, cc.Flags[:]),
                        NewField(FieldUserName, cc.UserName),
                ))
        }
 
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleKeepAlive responds to keepalive transactions with an empty reply
 // * HL 1.9.2 Client sends keepalive msg every 3 minutes
 // * HL 1.2.3 Client doesn't send keepalives
-func HandleKeepAlive(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleKeepAlive(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
 
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-func HandleGetFileNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleGetFileNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        fullPath, err := readPath(
                cc.Server.Config.FileRoot,
                t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data,
                nil,
        )
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        var fp FilePath
        if t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data != nil {
                if _, err = fp.Write(t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data); err != nil {
-                       return res, err
+                       return res
                }
        }
 
        // Handle special case for drop box folders
        if fp.IsDropbox() && !cc.Authorize(accessViewDropBoxes) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to view drop boxes."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to view drop boxes.")
        }
 
        fileNames, err := getFileNameList(fullPath, cc.Server.Config.IgnoreFiles)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t, fileNames...))
 
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // =================================
@@ -1787,10 +1569,9 @@ func HandleGetFileNameList(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, e
 // 1. ClientB sends TranJoinChat with FieldChatID
 
 // HandleInviteNewChat invites users to new private chat
-func HandleInviteNewChat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleInviteNewChat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessOpenChat) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to request private chat."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to request private chat.")
        }
 
        // Client to Invite
@@ -1798,146 +1579,133 @@ func HandleInviteNewChat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err
        newChatID := cc.Server.NewPrivateChat(cc)
 
        // Check if target user has "Refuse private chat" flag
-       binary.BigEndian.Uint16(targetID)
-       targetClient := cc.Server.Clients[binary.BigEndian.Uint16(targetID)]
-
-       flagBitmap := big.NewInt(int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(targetClient.Flags)))
+       targetClient := cc.Server.Clients[[2]byte(targetID)]
+       flagBitmap := big.NewInt(int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(targetClient.Flags[:])))
        if flagBitmap.Bit(UserFlagRefusePChat) == 1 {
                res = append(res,
-                       *NewTransaction(
+                       NewTransaction(
                                TranServerMsg,
                                cc.ID,
                                NewField(FieldData, []byte(string(targetClient.UserName)+" does not accept private chats.")),
                                NewField(FieldUserName, targetClient.UserName),
-                               NewField(FieldUserID, *targetClient.ID),
+                               NewField(FieldUserID, targetClient.ID[:]),
                                NewField(FieldOptions, []byte{0, 2}),
                        ),
                )
        } else {
                res = append(res,
-                       *NewTransaction(
+                       NewTransaction(
                                TranInviteToChat,
-                               &targetID,
-                               NewField(FieldChatID, newChatID),
+                               [2]byte(targetID),
+                               NewField(FieldChatID, newChatID[:]),
                                NewField(FieldUserName, cc.UserName),
-                               NewField(FieldUserID, *cc.ID),
+                               NewField(FieldUserID, cc.ID[:]),
                        ),
                )
        }
 
        res = append(res,
                cc.NewReply(t,
-                       NewField(FieldChatID, newChatID),
+                       NewField(FieldChatID, newChatID[:]),
                        NewField(FieldUserName, cc.UserName),
-                       NewField(FieldUserID, *cc.ID),
+                       NewField(FieldUserID, cc.ID[:]),
                        NewField(FieldUserIconID, cc.Icon),
-                       NewField(FieldUserFlags, cc.Flags),
+                       NewField(FieldUserFlags, cc.Flags[:]),
                ),
        )
 
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
-func HandleInviteToChat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleInviteToChat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessOpenChat) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to request private chat."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to request private chat.")
        }
 
        // Client to Invite
        targetID := t.GetField(FieldUserID).Data
        chatID := t.GetField(FieldChatID).Data
 
-       res = append(res,
-               *NewTransaction(
+       return []Transaction{
+               NewTransaction(
                        TranInviteToChat,
-                       &targetID,
+                       [2]byte(targetID),
                        NewField(FieldChatID, chatID),
                        NewField(FieldUserName, cc.UserName),
-                       NewField(FieldUserID, *cc.ID),
+                       NewField(FieldUserID, cc.ID[:]),
                ),
-       )
-       res = append(res,
                cc.NewReply(
                        t,
                        NewField(FieldChatID, chatID),
                        NewField(FieldUserName, cc.UserName),
-                       NewField(FieldUserID, *cc.ID),
+                       NewField(FieldUserID, cc.ID[:]),
                        NewField(FieldUserIconID, cc.Icon),
-                       NewField(FieldUserFlags, cc.Flags),
+                       NewField(FieldUserFlags, cc.Flags[:]),
                ),
-       )
-
-       return res, err
+       }
 }
 
-func HandleRejectChatInvite(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
-       chatID := t.GetField(FieldChatID).Data
-       chatInt := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(chatID)
+func HandleRejectChatInvite(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
+       chatID := [4]byte(t.GetField(FieldChatID).Data)
+       privChat := cc.Server.PrivateChats[chatID]
 
-       privChat := cc.Server.PrivateChats[chatInt]
-
-       resMsg := append(cc.UserName, []byte(" declined invitation to chat")...)
-
-       for _, c := range sortedClients(privChat.ClientConn) {
+       for _, c := range privChat.ClientConn {
                res = append(res,
-                       *NewTransaction(
+                       NewTransaction(
                                TranChatMsg,
                                c.ID,
-                               NewField(FieldChatID, chatID),
-                               NewField(FieldData, resMsg),
+                               NewField(FieldChatID, chatID[:]),
+                               NewField(FieldData, append(cc.UserName, []byte(" declined invitation to chat")...)),
                        ),
                )
        }
 
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleJoinChat is sent from a v1.8+ Hotline client when the joins a private chat
 // Fields used in the reply:
 // * 115       Chat subject
-// * 300       User name with info (Optional)
+// * 300       User Name with info (Optional)
 // * 300       (more user names with info)
-func HandleJoinChat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleJoinChat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        chatID := t.GetField(FieldChatID).Data
-       chatInt := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(chatID)
 
-       privChat := cc.Server.PrivateChats[chatInt]
+       privChat := cc.Server.PrivateChats[[4]byte(chatID)]
 
        // Send TranNotifyChatChangeUser to current members of the chat to inform of new user
-       for _, c := range sortedClients(privChat.ClientConn) {
+       for _, c := range privChat.ClientConn {
                res = append(res,
-                       *NewTransaction(
+                       NewTransaction(
                                TranNotifyChatChangeUser,
                                c.ID,
                                NewField(FieldChatID, chatID),
                                NewField(FieldUserName, cc.UserName),
-                               NewField(FieldUserID, *cc.ID),
+                               NewField(FieldUserID, cc.ID[:]),
                                NewField(FieldUserIconID, cc.Icon),
-                               NewField(FieldUserFlags, cc.Flags),
+                               NewField(FieldUserFlags, cc.Flags[:]),
                        ),
                )
        }
 
-       privChat.ClientConn[cc.uint16ID()] = cc
+       privChat.ClientConn[cc.ID] = cc
 
        replyFields := []Field{NewField(FieldChatSubject, []byte(privChat.Subject))}
-       for _, c := range sortedClients(privChat.ClientConn) {
-
+       for _, c := range privChat.ClientConn {
                b, err := io.ReadAll(&User{
-                       ID:    *c.ID,
+                       ID:    c.ID,
                        Icon:  c.Icon,
-                       Flags: c.Flags,
+                       Flags: c.Flags[:],
                        Name:  string(c.UserName),
                })
                if err != nil {
-                       return res, nil
+                       return res
                }
                replyFields = append(replyFields, NewField(FieldUsernameWithInfo, b))
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t, replyFields...))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleLeaveChat is sent from a v1.8+ Hotline client when the user exits a private chat
@@ -1945,30 +1713,29 @@ func HandleJoinChat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err erro
 //   - 114     FieldChatID
 //
 // Reply is not expected.
-func HandleLeaveChat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleLeaveChat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        chatID := t.GetField(FieldChatID).Data
-       chatInt := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(chatID)
 
-       privChat, ok := cc.Server.PrivateChats[chatInt]
+       privChat, ok := cc.Server.PrivateChats[[4]byte(chatID)]
        if !ok {
-               return res, nil
+               return res
        }
 
-       delete(privChat.ClientConn, cc.uint16ID())
+       delete(privChat.ClientConn, cc.ID)
 
        // Notify members of the private chat that the user has left
-       for _, c := range sortedClients(privChat.ClientConn) {
+       for _, c := range privChat.ClientConn {
                res = append(res,
-                       *NewTransaction(
+                       NewTransaction(
                                TranNotifyChatDeleteUser,
                                c.ID,
                                NewField(FieldChatID, chatID),
-                               NewField(FieldUserID, *cc.ID),
+                               NewField(FieldUserID, cc.ID[:]),
                        ),
                )
        }
 
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleSetChatSubject is sent from a v1.8+ Hotline client when the user sets a private chat subject
@@ -1976,16 +1743,15 @@ func HandleLeaveChat(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err err
 // * 114       Chat ID
 // * 115       Chat subject
 // Reply is not expected.
-func HandleSetChatSubject(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleSetChatSubject(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        chatID := t.GetField(FieldChatID).Data
-       chatInt := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(chatID)
 
-       privChat := cc.Server.PrivateChats[chatInt]
+       privChat := cc.Server.PrivateChats[[4]byte(chatID)]
        privChat.Subject = string(t.GetField(FieldChatSubject).Data)
 
-       for _, c := range sortedClients(privChat.ClientConn) {
+       for _, c := range privChat.ClientConn {
                res = append(res,
-                       *NewTransaction(
+                       NewTransaction(
                                TranNotifyChatSubject,
                                c.ID,
                                NewField(FieldChatID, chatID),
@@ -1994,21 +1760,20 @@ func HandleSetChatSubject(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, er
                )
        }
 
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleMakeAlias makes a file alias using the specified path.
 // Fields used in the request:
-// 201 File name
+// 201 File Name
 // 202 File path
 // 212 File new path   Destination path
 //
 // Fields used in the reply:
 // None
-func HandleMakeAlias(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
+func HandleMakeAlias(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        if !cc.Authorize(accessMakeAlias) {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to make aliases."))
-               return res, err
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "You are not allowed to make aliases.")
        }
        fileName := t.GetField(FieldFileName).Data
        filePath := t.GetField(FieldFilePath).Data
@@ -2016,23 +1781,22 @@ func HandleMakeAlias(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err err
 
        fullFilePath, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, filePath, fileName)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
        fullNewFilePath, err := readPath(cc.Server.Config.FileRoot, fileNewPath, fileName)
        if err != nil {
-               return res, err
+               return res
        }
 
-       cc.logger.Debugw("Make alias", "src", fullFilePath, "dst", fullNewFilePath)
+       cc.logger.Debug("Make alias", "src", fullFilePath, "dst", fullNewFilePath)
 
        if err := cc.Server.FS.Symlink(fullFilePath, fullNewFilePath); err != nil {
-               res = append(res, cc.NewErrReply(t, "Error creating alias"))
-               return res, nil
+               return cc.NewErrReply(t, "Error creating alias")
        }
 
        res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t))
-       return res, err
+       return res
 }
 
 // HandleDownloadBanner handles requests for a new banner from the server
@@ -2041,20 +1805,12 @@ func HandleMakeAlias(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err err
 // Fields used in the reply:
 // 107 FieldRefNum                     Used later for transfer
 // 108 FieldTransferSize       Size of data to be downloaded
-func HandleDownloadBanner(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction, err error) {
-       fi, err := cc.Server.FS.Stat(filepath.Join(cc.Server.ConfigDir, cc.Server.Config.BannerFile))
-       if err != nil {
-               return res, err
-       }
-
+func HandleDownloadBanner(cc *ClientConn, t *Transaction) (res []Transaction) {
        ft := cc.newFileTransfer(bannerDownload, []byte{}, []byte{}, make([]byte, 4))
+       binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(ft.TransferSize, uint32(len(cc.Server.banner)))
 
-       binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(ft.TransferSize, uint32(fi.Size()))
-
-       res = append(res, cc.NewReply(t,
+       return append(res, cc.NewReply(t,
                NewField(FieldRefNum, ft.refNum[:]),
                NewField(FieldTransferSize, ft.TransferSize),
        ))
-
-       return res, err
 }