[rbdr/blog.unlimited.pizza] / posts / 1 / notes-on-setting-up-a-mastodon-server.gmi

# Notes on Setting Up a Mastodon Server

Last week I decided to migrate my account to my own mastodon server [1], and I was surprised at how easy it was, but it wasn't without hiccups so I'm writing down some notes on my experience on here. It's not meant to be an in-depth tutorial, but a rough overview on what I had to do to get the server to work.

=> https://friendship.quest/@ruben [1] my profile @ friendship.quest

First, some information on my setup: I have a VPS on digitalocean running arch linux, so I went directly to the Arch Wiki [2] which provides great documentation. I had my mind set on using the glitch fork of mastodon [3], so I went with the mastodon-git [4] package. I only had 1G of RAM, which absolutely won't work: some dependencies won't even compile without running out of memory. I decided to upgrade to an instance with 4GB, and this was enough though I did have to tweak some values.

=> https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Mastodon [2] Arch Wiki entry on Mastodon.
=> https://glitch-soc.github.io/docs/ [3] Mastodon Glitch Edition
=> https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mastodon-git [4] mastodon-git AUR package.

Then onto the setup itself. Starting with the clone:

```
% git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mastodon-git
```

Then changed PKGBUILD to use the glitch-soc version.

```
# -source=("git+https://github.com/tootsuite/${pkgname%-git}.git#branch=$_branch"
# +source=("git+https://github.com/glitch-soc/${pkgname%-git}.git#branch=$_branch"
```

Installed some dependencies.

```
% pacman -Sy imagemagick libpqxx postgresql redis protobuf nodejs icu cmake base-devel
```

At this point I ran into issues with yarn when running makepkg as I use asdf [5] to control my environment. The dependencies above install nodejs, but I wanted to use the one from asdf, so I had to make sure the paths were correct, otherwise I ran into issues with the right version of yarn. Eventually corepack enable did work. I'm skipping this here because I don't really remember and I don't think most people will haver these issues.

=> https://asdf-vm.com/ [5] asdf-vm

But then we were able to makepkg

```
% makepkg -si
```

The post-install instructions didn't run for me, so I read them from the file [6].

=> https://aur.archlinux.org/cgit/aur.git/tree/mastodon.install?h=mastodon [6] mastodon.git post-install file

Before running the mastodon rake file, I made sure to have the s3 bucket and smtp configuration ready (Will post the pulumi recipe for this in another post), and then the mastodon:setup rake task ran *almost* entirely, but failed during the assets:precompile phase so I had to continue from where it stopped by reading the source [7]. Since only setting up the admin user was left, I removed the rest of the code temporarily to run just that part of the task.

=> https://github.com/glitch-soc/mastodon/blob/main/lib/tasks/mastodon.rake [7] mastodon:setup rake task source

With that, all that was left was to set up nginx, so I used the file included in the repo [8] to set it up.

=> https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/blob/main/dist/nginx.conf [8] nginx.conf from mastodon repo.

And that was pretty much it. I did have to make some changes to reduce memory usage and have sidekiq run correctly. On /lib/systemd/system/mastodon-sidekiq.service, I replaced -c 5 with -c 3 and made sure to include -q ingress and -q scheduler as they weren't included.

I won't go into detail here on the full text search setup, but I did have to reduce the max heap size on opensearch + reduce the sidekiq workers to 3 to avoid running out of memory. In /etc/opensearch/jvm.options you can set -Xms1g and -Xmx1g or whatever value works for you.

Finally, before migrating I imported a couple of ready-made blocklists and went over information on moderation.

=> https://fedi.tips/importing-ready-made-server-blocklists-on-mastodon/ [9] fedi.tips info on blocklists

The server worked well, though it did take about a day for federation to work reliably with some instances. I believe it had to do mostly with DNS propagation. Eventually I was able to migrate and so far it seems to be going well! I am now the proud owner of my personal mastodon instance.
Commit	Line	Data
13443756 RBR	1	# Notes on Setting Up a Mastodon Server
	2
	3	Last week I decided to migrate my account to my own mastodon server [1], and I was surprised at how easy it was, but it wasn't without hiccups so I'm writing down some notes on my experience on here. It's not meant to be an in-depth tutorial, but a rough overview on what I had to do to get the server to work.
	4
	5	=> https://friendship.quest/@ruben [1] my profile @ friendship.quest
	6
	7	First, some information on my setup: I have a VPS on digitalocean running arch linux, so I went directly to the Arch Wiki [2] which provides great documentation. I had my mind set on using the glitch fork of mastodon [3], so I went with the mastodon-git [4] package. I only had 1G of RAM, which absolutely won't work: some dependencies won't even compile without running out of memory. I decided to upgrade to an instance with 4GB, and this was enough though I did have to tweak some values.
	8
	9	=> https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Mastodon [2] Arch Wiki entry on Mastodon.
	10	=> https://glitch-soc.github.io/docs/ [3] Mastodon Glitch Edition
	11	=> https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mastodon-git [4] mastodon-git AUR package.
	12
	13	Then onto the setup itself. Starting with the clone:
	14
	15	```
	16	% git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mastodon-git
	17	```
	18
	19	Then changed PKGBUILD to use the glitch-soc version.
	20
	21	```
	22	# -source=("git+https://github.com/tootsuite/${pkgname%-git}.git#branch=$_branch"
	23	# +source=("git+https://github.com/glitch-soc/${pkgname%-git}.git#branch=$_branch"
	24	```
	25
	26	Installed some dependencies.
	27
	28	```
	29	% pacman -Sy imagemagick libpqxx postgresql redis protobuf nodejs icu cmake base-devel
	30	```
	31
	32	At this point I ran into issues with yarn when running makepkg as I use asdf [5] to control my environment. The dependencies above install nodejs, but I wanted to use the one from asdf, so I had to make sure the paths were correct, otherwise I ran into issues with the right version of yarn. Eventually corepack enable did work. I'm skipping this here because I don't really remember and I don't think most people will haver these issues.
	33
	34	=> https://asdf-vm.com/ [5] asdf-vm
	35
	36	But then we were able to makepkg
	37
	38	```
	39	% makepkg -si
	40	```
	41
	42	The post-install instructions didn't run for me, so I read them from the file [6].
	43
	44	=> https://aur.archlinux.org/cgit/aur.git/tree/mastodon.install?h=mastodon [6] mastodon.git post-install file
	45
	46	Before running the mastodon rake file, I made sure to have the s3 bucket and smtp configuration ready (Will post the pulumi recipe for this in another post), and then the mastodon:setup rake task ran almost entirely, but failed during the assets:precompile phase so I had to continue from where it stopped by reading the source [7]. Since only setting up the admin user was left, I removed the rest of the code temporarily to run just that part of the task.
	47
	48	=> https://github.com/glitch-soc/mastodon/blob/main/lib/tasks/mastodon.rake [7] mastodon:setup rake task source
	49
	50	With that, all that was left was to set up nginx, so I used the file included in the repo [8] to set it up.
	51
	52	=> https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/blob/main/dist/nginx.conf [8] nginx.conf from mastodon repo.
	53
	54	And that was pretty much it. I did have to make some changes to reduce memory usage and have sidekiq run correctly. On /lib/systemd/system/mastodon-sidekiq.service, I replaced -c 5 with -c 3 and made sure to include -q ingress and -q scheduler as they weren't included.
	55
	56	I won't go into detail here on the full text search setup, but I did have to reduce the max heap size on opensearch + reduce the sidekiq workers to 3 to avoid running out of memory. In /etc/opensearch/jvm.options you can set -Xms1g and -Xmx1g or whatever value works for you.
	57
	58	Finally, before migrating I imported a couple of ready-made blocklists and went over information on moderation.
	59
	60	=> https://fedi.tips/importing-ready-made-server-blocklists-on-mastodon/ [9] fedi.tips info on blocklists
	61
	62	The server worked well, though it did take about a day for federation to work reliably with some instances. I believe it had to do mostly with DNS propagation. Eventually I was able to migrate and so far it seems to be going well! I am now the proud owner of my personal mastodon instance.